The present study traces the implications of the Energy-GDP causality dialogue for the context of the growth-degrowth debate, where the energy-development link plays a decisive role. In that context, the present research investigates the possible existence of a fundamental “macro” direction of causality between energy use and economic growth that is not influenced by study-specific characteristics and events. Towards this objective, we perform a meta-analysis that takes into account 158 studies on causality between energy and GDP, covering the period 1978–2011. This is the first time, to our knowledge, that meta-analysis has been applied to investigate the direction of the energy and GDP causal relationship. The meta-analysis results neither support the existence of a fundamental “macro” direction, nor the so-called “neutrality hypothesis (E ≠ GDP)” in the causal relationship between energy consumption and economic growth. Participants were drawn from a convenience sample of key MeTA informants attending a MeTA global meeting in Geneva in 2014.
This series of meta-learning will cover Zero Shot Learning, One Shot Learning, Few Shot Learning, Meta-Learning in NLP. The infrastructure for training is present in the code, however,
so you can easily add your own methods. Take care to exclude domains for evaluation
(e.g. early stopping) and testing. During development, participants can track their progress using word overlap
metrics, e.g. using nlg-eval. Depending on the parameters of scripts/make_test_set, you can determine
within-task or across-task generalization within a MetaLWoz domain. If a user has previously turned off a permission that you prompt for, the OS will advise your app to show a rationale for needing the permission.
That’s where Meta sees itself adding more value to the Bangladeshi economy by creating these systems that can help the ecosystems grow by creating more jobs locally and most importantly help women get online and do these businesses. Ridma Khan, Director, BWCCI discussed how their organization is working towards mitigating the digital divide between men and women entrepreneurs. Of the 15 individuals who participated, four were MeTA country co-ordinators (with civil society backgrounds), two were representatives of the private sector and the remaining nine MeTA members were representatives from civil society. Participants selected represented the following countries; Jordan, Peru, Kyrgyzstan, Zambia, Uganda, Philippines, Ghana. The following figure illustrates the Manage Default Meta Keys dialog, which has a list of meta keys, toolbar, Close button, and Apply button. To generate predictions, condition your (pre-trained) model on the support
dialogues, and use the target dialogue history as context to predict the indicated
user turn.
Causal relationship between energy consumption (EC) and GDP: a Markov-switching (MS) causality
Collecting and annotating training data for these new tasks is costly since it involves real user interactions. We propose a domain adaptive dialog generation method based on meta-learning (DAML). DAML is an end-to-end trainable dialog system model that learns from multiple rich-resource tasks and then adapts to new domains with minimal training samples.
- Interviews were structured to enable additional themes to emerge and be explored.
- Modal dialogs trap focus from the pages point of view (makes everything else on the page inert).
- Depending on the parameters of scripts/make_test_set, you can determine
within-task or across-task generalization within a MetaLWoz domain.
- It leverages GRU to handle multiple sequence problems and using only one NTM for external memory operation.
- In that context, the present research investigates the possible existence of a fundamental “macro” direction of causality between energy use and economic growth that is not influenced by study-specific characteristics and events.
- We will then describe and exemplify the reflecting team’s manner of working and give some guidelines because the process of observation has a tendency to magnify every utterance.
It was vital that governments, the private sector and civil society organisations (CSOs) were actively engaged as stakeholders in each MeTA council. This created an ‘issue network’; “a relatively open network of antagonistic actors”, with a mutual aim, who have expert knowledge and build relationships through information exchange but may subsequently have very different policy ideals [4–8]. The Medicines Transparency Alliance (MeTA) is an initiative that brings together all stakeholders in the medicines market to create a multi-stakeholder dialogue and improve access, availability and affordability of medicines. Key to this multi-stakeholder dialogue is the participation of Civil Society Organisations. A recent MeTA annual review, identified uneven engagement of civil society organisations in the multi-stakeholder process. This study was designed to explore the engagement of Civil Society Organisations in the MeTA multi-stakeholder process and the factors influencing their participation.
Crash Data
There are a couple minor spec issues but it’s always enabled for chrome code anyways, iirc. A quick some summary is that the model reply on both internal memory (i.e. RNN hidden states) and external memory (i.e. memory bank out of neural network) to decide the output. Data in the competition/human_evaluation/data folder is licensed separately under the Microsoft Open Use Of Data Agreement. It appears you’ve done most of what we can recommend through here on the forums. However, we do have one more trick up our sleeve if the factory reset didn’t work.
For every batch of data, it will calculate loss and updating the local gradient again and again. After finished a batch of data, a final loss will be calculated (#5) for updating the global gradient (#7). In this series of stories, we will go through metadialog.com different meta-learning approaches. One of the motivation for this task is that even children can recognize a object by giving just one example. Model does not learn to classify specific category but learning pattern to distinguish inputs.
Can we use the energy intensity indicator to study “decoupling” in modern economies?
Moreover, when access does exist, medicines can be too expensive, counterfeit or sub-standard, wrongly prescribed or out of stock in the nearest health centre. The pharmaceutical market and medicine supply chains are at the root of these problems; poor information on price and quality, promotion of medicines, distorted competition, corrupt practices and irrational use of medicines [2]. Understanding information about the medical supply chain within health systems is essential to identify how problems should be tackled and by whom.
- It appears you’ve done most of what we can recommend through here on the forums.
- However, in a recent MeTA annual report, despite highlighting the considerable advances MeTA has made since the initial pilot phase, reports of obstacles preventing full engagement between CSOs and other stakeholders, were described [15].
- Interviews were guided by a conceptual framework exploring the three main themes of the political environment, relative stakeholder strength and agenda setting/gatekeepers.
- She reflected on the #SheMeansBusiness program’s mission to unlock the entrepreneurial potential of women to create a more resilient, inclusive, and equal society.
- Issue networks themselves do not have policy goals; these arise from actors within the network and some actors have more power than others in the issue formation process.
- It is likely that more rigorous and systematic accountability mechanisms are needed within MeTA in order to maintain the legitimacy of decision-making processes.
This is where Meta’s #SheMeansBusiness steps in to help women get access to greater opportunities. Shahriar Hasan Jisun, National Consultant, a2i, ICT Division followed by Rezwanul Haque Jami, Head of eCommerce, a2i ICT Division where he pointed out the fact that we are on the brink of the fourth industrial revolution (4IR). In such circumstances, we cannot thrive as a nation if we do not include 50% of the population which is women, under digital platforms. Later the discussion was joined by Beth Ann Lim, Director of Policy Programs and Government Outreach-Asia Pacific and Global Head of #SheMeansBusiness at Meta. She reflected on the #SheMeansBusiness program’s mission to unlock the entrepreneurial potential of women to create a more resilient, inclusive, and equal society.
Economic growth and energy consumption revisited — Evidence from linear and nonlinear Granger causality
Lin et al. (2019) proposed to apply MAML (Finn et al., 2017) on personalizing dialogue agent problem. Persona-Agnostic Meta-Learning (PAML) is trained to adapt to new personas by leveraging only a few dialogue samples from the same user. First of all, the loss is calculated (#2) and updating the local gradient of the temporary model (#3).
Issue networks themselves do not have policy goals; these arise from actors within the network and some actors have more power than others in the issue formation process. The combination of transparency and multi-stakeholder groups may have been used before [9], but applying this model to the area of medicines and health policy was a unique strategy. Indeed, transparency around medicines policy is not a new concept, MeTA’s aim was to creating a multi stakeholder alliance, to generate evidence and translate evidence into policy and practice [10]. Crucially, for CSOs participating in MeTA they were being invited to engage in an area where they had previously found themselves on the margins. Indeed, the involvement of CSOs in policy decision making in general is often limited [10]. It is, generally accepted that an engaged civil society is central to true democratic legitimacy and promoting accountability [11–14].
Electricity consumption and economic growth: evidence from Turkey
To date, little research has been done to explore the full range of factors that cause variation in the ability of CSOs to engage meaningfully in policy development or multi-stakeholder platforms. In the literature, causes of the unequal engagement of civil society are positioned as largely stemming from within civil society as opposed to external factors. Indeed, the most cited factor in determining civil society engagement is the availability of technical capacity [16, 17]. However, for MeTA the barriers to CSO engagement were not perceived as issues arising primarily from poor technical capacity.
Civil Society Organisations (CSOs) have a long history of involvement on health and access to essential medicines, consumer protection and promotion of transparency, including many national as well as international groups. In-country CSOs are focused on health in different ways – as service providers, advocates for rights, or providers of care and support for people with specific health problems. The inclusion of CSOs as one of the three stakeholder groupings in the MeTA pilot was therefore entirely appropriate. However, in a recent MeTA annual report, despite highlighting the considerable advances MeTA has made since the initial pilot phase, reports of obstacles preventing full engagement between CSOs and other stakeholders, were described [15].
Domain Adaptation in Dialogue Systems using Transfer and Meta-Learning
The discussion was started by Ivdad Ahmed Khan Mojlish about where Bangladesh stands within the global economy, particularly focusing on the MSME landscape to set the context and points of discussion. We describe our work on human-computer cooperative dialogue, that uses special “active” logics in an attempt to more closely – and more usefully – model human behavior. This effort pays attention to a number of issues, including Gricean pragmatics, logical nonomniscience, reasoning with inconsistent data, limited memory, blending in new information during reasoning, and models of human communication competence. Both the new materialists and some process theologians share a conception of matter as having feelings, a form of panpsychism.
However, capacity-building strengthening activities carried out by MeTA did not have any effect on engagement [15]. Despite stating that they had good technical capacity, many civil society representatives did not perceive themselves as well-positioned to influence policy. Capacity was not identified as a current barrier to civil society engagement by any respondent in this study. This was the case not only in countries where civil society engagement is strong, but also in those countries where engagement was reported to be comparatively weak in a recent MeTA annual review [15].
Browse other questions tagged bugstatus-reviewmoderator-toolswordingmoderation-history.
The data were analysed using the general inductive approach (GIA) [21] using the thematic framework as a guide. GIA is a thematic analysis approach with both deductive and inductive features. In GIA, while the general (or overarching) themes are derived from the research objectives (deductive feature), more specific categories/themes arise from the data (inductive feature) [21]. NVivo 10 software (QSR International) was used to support the analysis process. Identification and interpretation of quotes was carried out by two separate members of the research team.
- Both the new materialists and some process theologians share a conception of matter as having feelings, a form of panpsychism.
- The interviewer, with the permission of the family, then asks the team members about their perceptions of what went on in the interview.
- The infrastructure for training is present in the code, however,
so you can easily add your own methods.
- That is, where stakeholders representing different interests make policy decisions or recommendations to a final decision-maker who does not substantially change consensus recommendations.
- If I am correct, one of the most important concepts in process thought is virtually absent from Whitehead’s magnum opus, Process and Reality.
- Each of the pilot countries has organised a Multi-stakeholder Forum, a Council and a Secretariat.
At the country level MeTA was developed in response to respective political and social contexts. Whilst being a global alliance, countries were encouraged to shape their structures, priorities and work programmes within existing frameworks to ensure the project would be country led and as sustainable as possible. Each of the pilot countries has organised a Multi-stakeholder Forum, a Council and a Secretariat. One of the most fundamental elements of MeTA in each pilot country was the creation of the national MeTA Councils as multi-stakeholder groups.
Indeed, beauty is notable in its absence from most of the major works on process metaphysics, which tend to focus on Whitehead’s Science and the Modern World and Process and Reality. Perhaps fearing charges of aestheticism, those who do note the centrality of beauty have mistakenly sought either to minimize its significance or to explain it away as metaphorical embellishment. The goal of this brief essay is to defend the view that process thought, particularly process ethics, will be more adequate and applicable if it is “re-centered” around the concept of beauty. However, Donahue et al. found that the aforementioned model may have difficulty exchanging dialogue and causing lousy performance. It leverages GRU to handle multiple sequence problems and using only one NTM for external memory operation. The model input is persona descriptions (few sentences per person), and dialogue (set of utterances), and the output is the response.
Study participants consisted of members of MeTA, which included representatives from government, the private sector and civil society. In-depth semi-structured face-to-face interviews were conducted to identify perceptions around the barriers to civil society engagement in the multi-stakeholder process. Interviews were guided by a conceptual framework exploring the three main themes of the political environment, relative stakeholder strength and agenda setting/gatekeepers. Interviews were structured to enable additional themes to emerge and be explored. The interviews were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed using a general inductive approach. Despite the limited literature, a number of questions are raised which recognise the influence of factors external to CSOs, such as a highly political policy environment, fear of political opposition and government suspicion [20–22].
